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. drawing, which forms a `JACOB JENKs, `oliROSoon, iLLnvois.

Specification,of` `Letters.Patent No. 3,642, dated June 24, 184:4.

4T 0 all fwome't mayconcern: i

Be it lmownthat 1I), JACOB JENxs, of Ros-yI coe, in the county ofWinnebago and State' `of Illinois, have inventeda new" and use` fulImprovement Cutting Stone; and (I.

. do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescriptionl thereof, reference being had tothe accompanying fication,in whichpart of this speci a,` vertical longitudinal sectionyFig. 3, ajcross vertical section; Fig. 4, cutterhead detached; Fig. 5, clutchdetached; Fig. 6j

rotary bed for circular work.` e

The nature of my invention consists 1n a cutting tool that extendsacross the stone,

said tool hf ving a* row of picks `on its front edge and just behindthem a broad (chisel, the tool is vibrated, and, by its weight and`momentum cuts the `stone which passes under it on a carriage; sidecutters of a similar construction areattachedfand vibrate horizontallyAto `cut the sides of the stone; several important parts andmodifications will be hereafter described.

In the construction of this machine, two

' sills (a) are placed side by side, a suiiicient distance apart to`form ways for the stone carriage to run on. They are connected byproper `cross ties, and are longenough to allowthe carriageabove named asufficient motion to and fro thereon.

Two uprightposts are framed, at

their lower ends into the sills (a). These are sustained iirmly in theirposition by di agonal braces extending from the sills to the posts onone side; a cross `cap unites the chlnery; just in front of the posts(b) are cross pieces (c) halved into the sills at right angles to them.The upper portion of said pieces betweenfthe sills is cut out down to alevel with the sills for the carriage to pass `on ways (e) that arefastened to the sills (64); the carriage moves back and forth similartothat of a saw-mill by means of a l posts at top and supports `a post oft-he marag wheel (f) and hand (g) the hand being worked by the motive bb b b power and operating like common saw mills, or thecarriage may be`moved with a screw as will be readily seenby competent mechanists.

Between theside posts (b) there is a gate (72,) or frame, which theAcutter is suspended in that can be raised or lowered Aby means of ascrew (i) that extends down through.

the cap of the `posts andthrough the upper Il cross bar of the g'ate inwhich there is a di- Figure l, is an isometrical view; Fig. 2,

vided nut `of common construction that will pinch or release the screwas required; the upper end of the screw rises sutiiciently above thecapto havea ratchet pinion on it. b The horizontal cutter head or cuttingtool (Z) (see Figs. 2, 4,) is a segment of a hollow cylinder, the twoarms by which it is suspended only extending to the center and expandingat the periphery as broad i as the segment. Onto each edge of the cut`-`ter head there is a row of picks(m) attached o (in any convenient wayfor replacing) which extends across the whole width of the machine. Justbehind the picks, there is a broad chisel (n) that is as broad on theedge, as the width of the stone to be cut.

This can be made in sections if desired. a

This cutter-head is raised and swings down against the stone, the picksstriking first and chipping oft' the rough stone, and the chisels after,smoothing the facein the most perfect manner. Motion is communicated tothis cutter-head by means of a connect-ing rod (o) that runs up throughthe cap, on

which the fulcrum posts (p) of a horizontal lever are fastened; the rod(0) runs up also through this lever and it is connected with, anddetached from the rod (o) by means of a clutch (1) hereafter described,or the cutter may be moved by any convenient (connection, with themotive power manyof which could easily be devised by a competentVmechanic. The lever (g) Vis moved by the bent lever (g) with which itis connected, by rod (s), and which is itself directly connected withthemotive power. The cutters act on the stone somewhat simi-` lar to anadze on wood. vThey can be raised or lowered for any thickness of stoneby means of the screw (2). It will be obvious that the picks or chiselscan either be used separate or together as the nature of the stone andwork to be done requires. Side cutter heads (t) can be employed whichvibrate horizontally the cutters standing vertical at right angles tothe one first deicc scribed; in other respects they are like it, (one ofthese is reinoved in the drawings).y They are forced back by the cani(t) and thrown forward by a spring (u). The inotion of the carriage andstone is proportioned to that of the cutter according to the qualityl ofthe work to be done and the texture of the stone.

The clutch T above named, consists of two part-s (fu) shown iii plan andsection in detached Fig'. 5 the two side pieces are niade vwith a recessat their center where they clutch together; one of these pieces is heldin a level position and rises and falls regularly with the lever (q) bybeing suspended thereto by rods (q) the otherV (e) has a catch (fw)extending down through a hole inv its end which when the end is raisedcatches it and holds it up; in the recesses above named atthe inner endsof the clutches there is a square piece (v2) in each that fill saidrecesses a seinicircular channel being cut down through each throughwhich the rod that works the cutter head passes; when the end '(v) ofthe clutch is down the clutch slides up and down on the rod withoutlifting it but if the said end be raised and held up by the catch itwill seize the rod and draw it up till the catch is tripped which iseffected at any height by striking an adjustable bar that inay be heldto any height above the cap `by rod (az) (see Fig. 3); in the downwarddescent of the lever (q) the clutch strikes a stationary catch (W) seealso n ig. 2, which raises it up to the notch. in the catch to the pointwhere it is again ready to draw up the rod; by repeating this operationthercutter head raises and falls; in the operation of drilling; a drillrod is substituted for that of the cutter head, and the stone to bedrilled being brought under it the operation will be readily understood.

When the end of the stone is to be cut it is brought to a properposition to be acted on by the cutter head (Z) that as it acts thereonis inade to descend by ineans of the screw'that suspends the gate towhich it is hung this screw is turned by nieans of a rack (e) that` isconnected with a stud (e) projecting froin the lever' (q) which acts onthe ratchet pinion (7c) before described; when the cuter is run down thedivided nut is opened andthe gate drawn back by a Vhand lever (1,)situated on the cap and cc-nnected with the gate by a rod (12).

When the cutter head is put into operation on the upper surface of astone it is raised up so that the cutters shall be about level with theaxle or fulcruin by which it is suspended it is then inade to descend(either by its own weight; or the additional force of a spring which itstrikes in ascending) and strikes the stone and cuts to a line under theaxis7 beyond which 'it is not allowed to pass being arrested by a stopit is thus made to hew oft the surface by striking the stone on a linewith the surface or a very little inclined thereto instead of strikingdown onto the surface nearly at right angles thereto as is the usualpractice; the stone is thus cut, with a precision and certainty neverbefore e'tfectedythe feeding of the stone'on the carriage is regulatedaccording to the speed with which the cutters art and the powerV of theblow can be regulated by ineansof the springs to suit the kind of stonelto be cut, by cutting across the whole width of the stone, asteadiness, andforceis attained, to overcoineevery obsta-cle occasionedby spots of unequal hardness. y

For cutting circular stones such as grindstones &c. we have a revolvingbed on which it is placed to present Vto the cutters; the ap-lparatus'for effecting this is similar to that for arooressin thecarriage a )awl or hand t: D k3 3 working into a rack around theperiphery of t-he revolving bed. The side cutters can be placed at anyangle to the top cutter in niy first inacliine, and can be so fornied asto cut surfaces other than plane if desired. It will be obvious thatthis niachine can be adapted tov inaiiy kinds of work by slightalterations of parts, but these Ideein all substantially the saine asthat described for plain work, if the cutters are inade and operate onthe saine principle as niine. The stone is to be fastened in any knownway by which it can y be secured to the carriage iirnily. Any nuniber ofcut-ter heads niay be put into one inachine one operating after anotherwhen required.

Having thus fully described niy inachine what l claini therein as inyinvention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is y y l. The cutterhead constructed and arranged as herein described having cliisels andpicks attached thereto enough to extend across. frein one side of thestone to the above specified.

JACUB JENKS, Witnesses 5 J. J. GREENOUGH, LAFAYETTE CALDWELL,

